بررسی سیاست‌های اقتصادی و زیست محیطی موثر بر تغییرات اقلیمی در دنیا و پیشنهادهایی برای ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ التحصیل دکتری مهندسی سیستم‏های انرژی، دانشکدۀ انرژی و منابع پایدار، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دانشکدۀ اقتصاد، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی‏ ارشد، مهندسی سیستم‏های انرژی، دانشکدۀ انرژی و منابع پایدار، دانشگاه تهران

10.22059/ses.2024.373927.1058

چکیده

با توجه ‏به پیش‏بینی‏های انجام‌شده، بیشترین میزان انتشار گازهای گلخانه‏ای بین سال‏های ۲۰۲۵ تا ۲۰۳۵ خواهد بود. سیاست‏های جهانی تغییر اقلیم برای رسیدن به اهداف پیمان پاریس (عدم افزایش ۲ درجه‏ای دمای کرۀ زمین)، به‏سرعت کشورها را تحت‏تأثیر قرار داده، بر رشد اقتصادی کشورها تأثیر گذاشته، جایگاه انرژی‏های فسیلی را متزلزل کرده و روندهای جدیدی در فناوری‏های آیندۀ انرژی شکل می‏دهد؛ بنابراین توجه به آیندۀ سیاست‏های مقابله با تغییر اقلیم اهمیت ویژه‏ای دارد. در این مقاله از روش تحلیل ساختاری با روش میک‏مک برای آینده‏پژوهی در این حوزه و از روش دلفی برای جمع‏آوری نظرات خبرگان در مورد تأثیرگذاری متغیرها نسبت به یکدیگر، استفاده شده است. در این پژوهش ۲۲ عامل به‏ عنوان متغیرهای کلیدی شناسایی و با استفاده از نرم‏افزار میک‏مک تأثیر متقابل عوامل بر یکدیگر در بخش‏های مختلف مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج تحلیلی، عوامل سیاسی بیشترین اثرگذاری را در آیندۀ سیاست‏های تغییر اقلیم خواهند داشت. در مرحلۀ بعد نوبت به سناریوپردازی می‏رسد و سپس راهبردهای بهینه برای ایران با در نظر گرفتن آینده‏های محتمل تشریح شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of economic and environmental policies for global climate change and suggestions for Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nima Shamsapour 1
  • Mahshid Noorollahi 2
  • Mojtaba Rezaeifard 3
1 Faculty of Energy Engineering and Sustainable Resources, Collage of interdisciplinary sciences and technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of Energy Engineering and Sustainable Resources, Collage of interdisciplinary sciences and technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

According to the forecasts, the highest amount of greenhouse gas emissions will be between 2025 and 2035. Global climate change policies to reach the goals of the Paris Agreement (not to increase the global temperature by 2 degrees), quickly affect countries, affect the economic growth of countries, shake the position of fossil energy and shape new trends in future energy technologies; Therefore, paying attention to the future of policies to deal with climate change is particularly important. In this article, the method of structural analysis with the Micmac method has been used for future research in this field, and the Delphi method has been used to collect experts' opinions about the influence of variables on each other. In this research, 22 factors were identified as key variables and the mutual influence of the factors on each other in different sections was investigated using Micmac software. Based on the analytical results, political factors will have the most impact in the future of climate change policies. In the next stage, it is the turn of scenario planning, and then the optimal strategies for Iran have been explained considering possible futures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy policy
  • climate change
  • Paris agreement
  • Micmac method
  • Delphi method
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