کشش قیمتی گاز طبیعی در بخش خانگی و صنعتی: مروری بر روش‌ها و یافته‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی سیستم‌های انرژی، دانشکدۀ مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه پژوهشی انرژی‏های تجدیدپذیر، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران

3 مرکز تخصصی نوآوری و توسعۀ فناوری مدیریت مصرف انرژی، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران

4 سازمان انرژی‏های تجدیدپذیر و بهره ‏وری انرژی (ساتبا)، تهران، ایران

10.22059/ses.2024.378003.1073

چکیده

در سال‏های گذشته، با توجه با افزایش جمعیت و توسعۀ اقتصادی، میزان تقاضای انرژی در ایران افزایش چشمگیری داشته است. از سوی دیگر، گاز طبیعی ارتباط حیاتی با سایر صنایع کشور، از جمله صنعت برق دارد. بنابراین، شناخت ساختار گاز طبیعی در بخش‏های مختلف و برنامه‌ریزی برای تأمین و توزیع آن از اهمیت ویژه‏ای برخوردار است. در کشور ایران، مصرف گاز طبیعی در ۱۷ سال اخیر همواره بیش از نفت خام بوده و سرعت نفوذ آن در سبد انرژی کشور با پشتوانۀ عظیم گاز طبیعی از رشد قابل ملاحظه‌ای برخوردار شده است. بنابراین، کنترل بخش مصرف‏ از اهمیت ویژه‏ای برخوردار است. تقاضا یک پدیدۀ اقتصادی است که با مدل‏های متنوع تابع تقاضا مورد بررسی قرار می‏گیرد. منطق مدل‏های تابع تقاضا مبتنی بر تغییر رفتار مصرف‏کنندگان از تغییرات قیمت و درآمد است. یکی از روش‏های مؤثر در اعمال سیاست‏های کنترل مصرف، افزایش قیمت در حامل‏های انرژی، از جمله گاز طبیعی است، اما شایان یادآوری است تقاضای برخی از محصولات به دلیل ضروری بودن آن، به تغییر قیمت‏ها کم کشش است. بنابراین، برای اعمال سیاست‏های صحیح در حوزۀ گاز طبیعی، به بررسی مطالعات صورت‌گرفته در نشریات داخلی در حوزۀ کشش قیمتی گاز طبیعی در بخش خانگی و صنعتی پرداختیم. نتایج نشان می‏دهد با توجه به روش‏های رگرسیون و سری‏های زمانی در کشور ایران، گاز طبیعی یک کالای بی‌کشش بوده است و سیاست‏مداران برای کاهش مصرف گاز طبیعی باید سیاست‏های دیگری را اعمال کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Price Elasticity of Natural Gas in Residential and Industrial Sectors: A Review on Methods and Results

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Mohsenpour 1
  • Mohsen Salimi 2
  • Sohrab Amini Velashani 3
  • Aida Sayadjou 4
  • Majid Amidpour 1
1 Department of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Renewable Energy Research Department, Niroo Research Institute (NRI), Tehran, Iran
3 Specialized Center for Innovation and Technology Development for Energy Consumption Management, NRI, Tehran, Iran
4 Iran’s Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Organization (SATBA), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, population growth and economic development have significantly increased energy demand. Natural gas, in particular, plays a crucial role in various industries, including the electricity sector. Therefore, understanding the structure of natural gas consumption across different sectors and planning for its supply and distribution is of paramount importance. In Iran, natural gas consumption has consistently surpassed crude oil over the past 17 years, with its share in the country’s energy basket growing significantly due to vast natural gas reserves. Consequently, controlling consumption in this sector is especially important. Demand, an economic phenomenon, is analyzed using various demand function models, which are based on changes in consumer behavior due to price and income variations. One effective method for implementing consumption control policies is increasing the price of energy carriers, including natural gas. However, it is important to note that the demand for some essential products is less elastic to price changes. To develop appropriate policies for natural gas, we reviewed studies published in domestic journals on the price elasticity of natural gas in the residential and industrial sectors. The results indicate that, according to regression and time series methods, natural gas is an inelastic commodity in Iran. Therefore, policymakers should consider alternative strategies to reduce natural gas consumption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply and Demand
  • Natural Gas
  • Price Elasticity
  • Residential Sector
  • Industrial Sector
[1]. Kalmarzi H., Estimation of Natural Gas Demand in Iran's Domestic Sector, 2nd Conference on National Production and Sustainable Employment, Challenges and Solutions, 2019, Iran. [Persian]
[2]. Ebrahimi A., Dehbashi S., Estimation of Natural Gas Demand Function in Household Section (Case Study of Semnan Province), Financial Economics, 2010, Volume 4, Number 11, pp. 109-133. [Persian]
[3]. Mowlaei, M., Yaghoobi, M. Evaluation Natural Gas Demand in Residential Sector of Iran'sRegion7 (Consideration of Targeted Subsidies of Law). Iranian Energy Economics, 2015, Volume 5, Number 17, pp. 169-191. [Persian]
[4]. Meibodi A., Mohammadi T., Soltanololamaii S., AN Estimation of Natural Gas Domestic Function bY Using Kalman Filter Method (A Case Study of Residential Gas Demand Function In Tehran), Journal of Quantitative Economics (Quarterly Journal of Economics Review), 2010, Volume 7, Number 3, pp. 23-41. [Persian]
[5]. Keshavarz Haddad G., Mirbagheri jam M., Estimation of Residential and Commercial Demand for Natural Gas in Iran Using the Structural Time Series Model, Iranian Journal of Economic Research, 2007, Volume 9, Number 32, pp. 137-160. [Persian]
[6]. Moshiri S., Shahmoradi A., Estimation of Household Natural Gas and Electricity Demand: A Micro-Level Study Based on Household Budgets, Journal of Economic Research, April 2006, Volume 41, Number 1, pp. 23-41. [Persian]
[7]. Bakhtiari S., Yazdani M., Mohammadi P., An Analysis of Natural Gas Consumption in the Residential and Commercial Sectors, First International Conference of Oil, Gas, Petrochemical and Power Plant, 2012, Iran. [Persian]
[8]. Rafiei Z., Sayehmiri A. Investigating the Natural Gas Demand Function in the Home Sector of Khuzestan Province: An Almost Ideal Demand System. Iranian Energy Economics, 2019, Volume 8, Number 32, pp. 75-98. [Persian]
[9]. Akhavan Anvari M., Mehrgan M., Zandieh M., Kazemi A. Modeling Factors Affecting Residential Natural Gas Consumption Using Fuzzy Cognitive Map. Industrial Management Journal, 2017, Volume 9, Number 3, pp. 515-538. [Persian]
[10]. Raeiszadeh M., Monjazeb M., Effect of Subsidy Reform on Natural Gas Consumption in the Residential and Commercial Sectors in Iran: a Panel Data Approach. Journal of Economic Research (Tahghighat- E- Eghtesadi), March 2016, Volume 51, Number 1, pp. 91-112. [Persian]
[11]. Varahrami V., Moshrefi R., Layegh J., Survey Asymmetric Effect of Natural Gas Price on it's Consumption in Household Sector. Journal of Economics and Modelling, March 2015, Volume 5, Number 19-20, pp. 1-27. [Persian]
[12]. Kalmarzi H., Estimation of Natural Gas Demand in the Industrial Sector of Iran During the Years 1989-2013, 2nd Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management, Jun 2016, Iran. [Persian]
[13]. Shiranfakhr Z., Khoshakhlagh R., Sharifi A., Estimating Demand Function for Natural Gas in the Industerial Sector of Iran Using Structural Time Series Model (STSM). Journal of Applied Economics Studies in Ira, 2014, Volume 3, Number 11, pp. 129-157. [Persian]
[14]. Abounoori A., Ghafouri S., Estimating of Natural Gas Supply and Demand in Iran and predicting them for 2025, Quarterly Journal of Economic Modelling, 2011, Volume 4, Number 2, pp. 129-157. [Persian]
[15]. Varahrami V., Moshrefi R., Layegh Gigloo J., The Asymmetric and Symmetric Effects of Changes in Price and Income on Natural Gas Demand in Iran Industry Sector. Journal of Applied Economics Studies in Iran, 2016, Volume 4, Number 16, pp. 135-155. [Persian]
[16]. Nazemi A., Sheykh Tajian S., Estimation of Natural Gas Demand in the Industrial Sector, 2nd Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management, Jun 2016, Iran. [Persian]
[17]. Azerbaijani K., Sarifi A., Shojaee A., The Estimation of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Application Function in Industry Section of Country. Journal of Development and Capital, 2008, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 65-75. [Persian]
[18]. Ashraqnyay Jahromi A., N‏atural G‏as and Petroleum Products: Design Modeling and Analysis of the Possibility of Natural Gas Substitution for Petroleum Products in Iran, Sharif Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management, 2008, Volume 24, Number 45, pp. 47-70. [Persian]
[19]. Shiranfakhr Z., Khoshakhlagh R., Sharifi A., Estimating Demand Function for Natural Gas in the Industerial Sector of Iran Using Structural Time Series Model (STSM). Journal of Applied Economics Studies in Ira, 2014, Volume 3, Number 11, pp. 129-157. [Persian]
[20]. Sadrzadeh Moghadam A., Sadeghi Z., Ghods Elahi A., Estimated Energy Demand Function and Substitution Elasticity Between Inputs in Industry Section: Seemingly Unrelated Regression Estimation, Iranian Energy Economics, 2013, Volume 2, Number 6, pp. 107-127. [Persian]