Performance Evaluation of Active and Passive Systems on Energy Consumption Reduction Based on Comfort Conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This study focuses on the design and modeling of an office building aimed at increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this regard, both passive and active energy methods have been employed, including changing consumption patterns, insulation, adjusting the dimensions and positions of windows, and improving the efficiency of lighting and ventilation systems. Analyses show that the highest electricity consumption in this building is attributed to electricity for rooms (55/4%) and cooling systems (22/04%). Additionally, refrigerators and lighting systems account for 56/9% of internal unwanted heat generation. The results indicate that by employing a combination of active methods in reducing heating and cooling energy consumption and passive methods in reducing electricity and gas consumption in office rooms, electricity and gas consumption will be reduced by 58/73% and 39/59%, respectively. Improving the usage patterns of office equipment and lighting has had a more significant impact on reducing electricity consumption (81/6%). Additionally, the capacity of heating and cooling coils will be reduced by 57/70% and 69/71%, respectively. The highest energy consumption is evident in providing gas for heating and electricity for cooling, which will decrease by 7/89 and 33/97 Megawatt-hours, respectively, following the implementation of energy optimization strategies. The peak heating and cooling loads have also decreased by 88/8% and 65/7%, respectively, resulting in a 65% increase in user environmental comfort. These results highlight the importance of optimizing energy consumption in buildings and its significant impact on improving environmental conditions.

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Journal of sustainable Energy Systems
Volume 5, Issue 2
April 2026
Pages 273-296

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