Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Master's student, Islamic Studies and Industrial Management, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Management, Imam Sadiq University (ISU), Tehran, Iran
2
Assistant Professor in Electricity and Energy Department, Niroo Research Institute (NRI)
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Complex Systems Management, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Management, Imam Sadiq University (ISU), Tehran, Iran
4
PhD student in International Oil and Gas Contracts Management, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Economics, Imam Sadiq University (ISU), Tehran
5
Assistant Professor of Technology Studies Institute (TSI), Tehran, Iran
10.22059/ses.2025.392926.1133
Abstract
Global energy supply is undergoing significant transformations, influenced by key trends in three sectors: fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy. This paper, using a foresight approach, examines four global trends, separated into fossil, nuclear, and renewable energy sources, totaling 12 global trends that are shaping the future of energy worldwide, and aligns them with a case study of France. The findings indicate that dependence on fossil fuels is gradually decreasing, and it is expected that these resources will be completely removed from the energy mix of many countries by 2050. In the nuclear energy sector, although some countries remain committed to its development, the overall trend points to a gradual decline in its share of the global energy mix. According to available documents, France, as the country most dependent on nuclear energy, is seriously adjusting its nuclear energy structure, which indicates that France is affected by this trend. In contrast, renewable energy sources, driven by technological advancements, cost reductions, and policy supports, will be the main source of energy supply in the future. The case study of France shows that, in line with these global trends, this country has aligned its policies to increase the share of renewable energy while reducing its dependence on fossil and nuclear sources. The results of this study confirm that global trends are steering the transition towards sustainable energy, and it is predicted that these changes will lead to the formation of a new global energy system by the middle of this century.
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